RESUMO
This paper presents the trend of spina bifida and other neural tube defects in Oman after the nationwide implementation of folate supplementation of pregnant women in 1990 and the fortification of wheat flour with iron and folate in 1996. The annual incidence of spina bifida fluctuated from 2.34 to 4.03 per 1000 deliveries between 1991 and 1996, but fell sharply to 2.11 per 1000 deliveries in 1997, after which the downward trend continued, reaching 0.29 per 1000 deliveries by 2006. The rate of other neural tube defects remained almost constant. The reduction in spina bifida rates in Oman could be linked to the start of flour fortification but not the supplementation programme.
Assuntos
Farinha , Ácido Fólico/uso terapêutico , Alimentos Fortificados , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/prevenção & controle , Disrafismo Espinal/prevenção & controle , Complexo Vitamínico B/uso terapêutico , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Feminino , Hematínicos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Incidência , Ferro/uso terapêutico , Morbidade , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/organização & administração , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/epidemiologia , Defeitos do Tubo Neural/etiologia , Política Nutricional , Omã/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez/epidemiologia , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde , Disrafismo Espinal/epidemiologia , Disrafismo Espinal/etiologiaRESUMO
This paper presents the trend of spina bifida and other neural tube defects in Oman after the nationwide implementation of folate supplementation of pregnant women in 1990 and the fortification of wheat flour with iron and folate in 1996. The annual incidence of spina bifida fluctuated from 2.34 to 4.03 per 1000 deliveries between 1991 and 1996, but fell sharply to 2.11 per 1000 deliveries in 1997, after which the downward trend continued, reaching 0.29 per 1000 deliveries by 2006. The rate of other neural tube defects remained almost constant. The reduction in spina bifida rates in Oman could be linked to the start of flour fortification but not the supplementation programme
Assuntos
Ácido Fólico , Suplementos Nutricionais , Ferro , Estado Nutricional , Alimentos Fortificados , Resultado da Gravidez , Defeitos do Tubo NeuralRESUMO
We examined the difference in the prevalence estimates of the outcome indicators for the new World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standard reference (WHO 2006) and the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)/WHO reference using the National Protein-Energy Malnutrition Survey dataset. Based on the NCHS/WHO reference, overall prevalence estimates of underweight, wasting, stunting and overweight were 17.8%, 7.4%, 10.9% and 1.3% compared to 11.3%, 7.6%, 13.0% and 1.9% respectively calculated according to the WHO 2006 reference: stunting and overweight showed statistically significantly higher estimates, whereas underweight was statistically significantly lower. The differences were not consistent across age groups.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/diagnóstico , Gráficos de Crescimento , Avaliação Nutricional , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Transtornos do Crescimento/diagnóstico , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Omã/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/epidemiologia , Valores de Referência , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Magreza/diagnóstico , Magreza/epidemiologia , Estados Unidos , Síndrome de Emaciação/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Emaciação/epidemiologia , Organização Mundial da SaúdeRESUMO
We examined the difference in the prevalence estimates of the outcome indicators for the new World Health Organization [WHO] child growth standard reference [WHO 2006] and the National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS]/WHO reference using the National Protein-Energy Malnutrition Survey dataset. Based on the NCHS/WHO reference, overall prevalence estimates of underweight, wasting, stunting and overweight were 17.8%, 7.4%, 10.9% and 1.3% compared to 11.3%, 7.6%, 13.0% and 1.9% respectively calculated according to the WHO 2006 reference: stunting and overweight showed statistically significantly higher estimates, whereas underweight was statistically significantly lower. The differences were not consistent across age groups
Assuntos
Padrões de Referência , Organização Mundial da Saúde , Prevalência , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica , Desnutrição , Obesidade , Magreza , CrescimentoRESUMO
We assessed the prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting among preschool children in Oman from March to December 1999. Within each region, samples of males and females in the age groups 0-5, 6-11, 12-23, 24-35, 36-47 and 48-60 months were drawn from the registers of health institutions and the weight and height/length of the children were measured. The total sample comprised 19,440 children; 9911 males and 9529 females. Data were analysed according to the World Health Organization protocols. The prevalence rates of wasting, stunting and underweight were 7.0%, 10.6% and 17.9% respectively at the national level. There were no sex differences.
Assuntos
Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/epidemiologia , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Idade , Antropometria , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/etiologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Avaliação Nutricional , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Estado Nutricional , Omã/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/diagnóstico , Desnutrição Proteico-Calórica/etiologia , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Distribuição por Sexo , Magreza/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Emaciação/epidemiologiaRESUMO
We assessed the prevalence of underweight, wasting and stunting among preschool children in Oman from March to December 1999. Within each region, samples of males and females in the age groups 0-5, 6-11, 12-23, 24-35, 36-47 and 48-60 months were drawn from the registers of health institutions and the weight and height/length of the children were measured. The total sample comprised 19 440 children; 9911 males and 9529 females. Data were analysed according to the World Health Organization protocols. The prevalence rates of wasting, stunting and underweight were 7.0%, 10.6% and 17.9% respectively at the national level. There were no sex differences
Assuntos
Prevalência , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Antropometria , Distribuição por Idade , Peso Corporal , Estatura , Desnutrição Proteico-CalóricaRESUMO
We conducted a study to identify socioeconomic factors associated with unconstrained growth among preschoolers in Muscat, Oman. A sample of children born in 1995 and aged 28-43 months was drawn from the Child Health Registers of 2 health care centres. Sociodemographic data were collected by oral interview and maternal and child anthropometry measured. Regression analysis was used to identify socioeconomic indicators and cut-offs associated with unconstrained growth. Children from households with a monthly income > or = 800 Omani rials and mother's education > or = 4 years attained height-for-age levels comparable to the current international growth reference. By screening using this criterion, we could obtain a suitable sample for the World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study in Muscat.
Assuntos
Transtornos do Crescimento , Adulto , Antropometria , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/epidemiologia , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/etiologia , Pré-Escolar , Escolaridade , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Transtornos do Crescimento/diagnóstico , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/etiologia , Humanos , Renda/estatística & dados numéricos , Programas de Rastreamento , Mães/educação , Mães/psicologia , Avaliação Nutricional , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Estado Nutricional , Omã/epidemiologia , Vigilância da População , Prevalência , Valores de Referência , Sistema de Registros , Análise de Regressão , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
We conducted a study to identify socioeconomic factors associated with unconstrained growth among preschoolers in Muscat, Oman. A sample of children born in 1995 and aged 28-43 months was drawn from the Child Health Registers of 2 health care centres. Sociodemographic data were collected by oral interview and maternal and child anthropometry measured. Regression analysis was used to identify socioeconomic indicators and cut-offs associated with unconstrained growth. Children from households with a monthly income > or = 800 Omani rials and mother's education > or = 4 years attained height-for-age levels comparable to the current international growth reference. By screening using this criterion, we could obtain a suitable sample for the World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study in Muscat
